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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - Libya (2002)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z Libya (2002)

 Norfolk Island (2005)Libya (2002)
 Norfolk IslandLibya
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 25 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ajdabiya, Al 'Aziziyah, Al Fatih, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jufrah, Al Khums, Al Kufrah, An Nuqat al Khams, Ash Shati', Awbari, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi, Darnah, Ghadamis, Gharyan, Misratah, Murzuq, Sabha, Sawfajjin, Surt, Tarabulus, Tarhunah, Tubruq, Yafran, Zlitan; note - the 25 municipalities may have been replaced by 13 regions
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 35% (male 958,243; female 917,940)


15-64 years: 61% (male 1,694,986; female 1,581,400)


65 years and over: 4% (male 105,500; female 110,516) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus, vegetables, peanuts, soybeans; cattle
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 136 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 58


over 3,047 m: 23


2,438 to 3,047 m: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 22


914 to 1,523 m: 5


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 78


over 3,047 m: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 39


under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 1,759,540 sq km


land: 1,759,540 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC slightly larger than Alaska
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. Since he took power in a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI has espoused his own political system - a combination of socialism and Islam - which he calls the Third International Theory. Viewing himself as a revolutionary leader, he used oil funds during the 1970s and 1980s to promote his ideology outside Libya, even supporting subversives and terrorists abroad to hasten the end of Marxism and capitalism. Libyan military adventures failed, e.g., the prolonged foray of Libyan troops into the Aozou Strip in northern Chad was finally repulsed in 1987. Libyan support for terrorism decreased after UN sanctions were imposed in 1992. Those sanctions were suspended in April 1999.
Birth rate NA 27.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $20 million


expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
revenues: $9.3 billion


expenditures: $9.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital Kingston Tripoli
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior
Coastline 32 km 1,770 km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya


conventional short form: Libya


local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma


local short form: none
Currency - Libyan dinar (LYD)
Death rate NA 3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external NA $4.7 billion (2001 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US suspended all embassy activities in Tripoli on 2 May 1980
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) Libya does not have an embassy in the US
Disputes - international none Chadian rebels from Aozou region reside in Libya; Libya claims about 19,400 sq km in Niger as well as part of southeastern Algeria in currently dormant disputes
Economic aid - recipient NA $7 million
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. The socialist-oriented economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contributes practically all export earnings and about one-quarter of GDP. These oil revenues and a small population give Libya one of the highest per capita GDPs in Africa, but little of this income flows down to the lower orders of society. Import restrictions and inefficient resource allocations have led to periodic shortages of basic goods and foodstuffs. The nonoil manufacturing and construction sectors, which account for about 20% of GDP, have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include the production of petrochemicals, iron, steel, and aluminum. Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit agricultural output, and Libya imports about 75% of its food. Higher oil prices in 1999 and 2000 led to an increase in export revenues, which improved macroeconomic balances and helped to stimulate the economy. The suspension of UN sanctions in 1999 also boosted growth. Libya's January 2002 51% devaluation of the official exchange rate of the dinar is another fiscal plus, although it will also bring higher inflation.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 18.042 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production NA kWh 19.4 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point: Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m


highest point: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m
Environment - current issues NA desertification; very limited natural fresh water resources; the Great Manmade River Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the Sahara to coastal cities
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians Berber and Arab 97%, Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, Tunisians
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) Libyan dinars per US dollar - 0.6501 (December 2001), 0.6501 (2001), 0.5403 (2000), 0.5403 (1999), 0.3785 (1998), 0.3891 (1997); market rate for Libyan dinars per US dollar - 1.55 (January 2002)


note: Libya devalued its official rate for foreign trade on 1 January 2002 to 21.30 dinars per US dollar; the previous official rate was 0.63 dinar per US dollar (Dec 2001 )
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state: Revolutionary Leader Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI (since 1 September 1969); note - holds no official title, but is de facto chief of state


head of government: Secretary of the General People's Committee (Premier) Mubarak al-SHAMEKH (since 2 March 2000)


cabinet: General People's Committee established by the General People's Congress


elections: national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of people's committees; head of government elected by the General People's Congress; election last held 2 March 2000 (next to be held NA)


election results: Mubarak al-SHAMEKH elected premier; percent of General People's Congress vote - NA%
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) $13.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados crude oil, refined petroleum products
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe Italy 42%, Germany 19%, Spain 13%, Turkey 6%, France 4%, Switzerland 3%, Tunisia 2% (2000)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band plain green; green is the traditional color of Islam (the state religion)
GDP - purchasing power parity - $40 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
agriculture: 7%


industry: 47%


services: 46% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA purchasing power parity - $7,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA 3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 25 00 N, 17 00 E
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated more than 90% of the country is desert or semidesert
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
total: 24,484 km


paved: 6,798 km


unpaved: 17,686 km


note: data for the length of unpaved roads include the assumption that because they were listed as secondary roads, they are unpaved; some may be paved and some part of the primary roads may not be paved (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) $8.7 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities NA machinery, transport equipment, food, manufactured goods
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe Italy 25%, Germany 10%, UK 8%, France 7%, Tunisia 7%, South Korea 4% (2000)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 24 December 1951 (from Italy)
Industrial production growth rate NA NA%
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete petroleum, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
27.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA 13.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation UPU ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CAEU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OAU, OIC, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2002)
Irrigated land NA 4,700 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions Supreme Court
Labor force 1,345 1.5 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% services 54%, industry 29%, agriculture 17% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 4,348 km


border countries: Algeria 982 km, Chad 1,055 km, Egypt 1,115 km, Niger 354 km, Sudan 383 km, Tunisia 459 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 1.03%


permanent crops: 0.17%


other: 98.8% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian Arabic, Italian, English, all are widely understood in the major cities
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
unicameral General People's Congress (NA seats; members elected indirectly through a hierarchy of people's committees)
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 75.86 years


male: 73.71 years


female: 78.11 years (2002 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 76.2%


male: 87.9%


female: 63% (1995 est.)
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Tunisia
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 NM


note: Gulf of Sidra closing line - 32 degrees, 30 minutes north
Merchant marine - total: 23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 209,000 GRT/278,277 DWT


ships by type: cargo 9, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 3, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea passenger 4


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Algeria 1, Kuwait 1, United Arab Emirates 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia -
Military branches - Armed Peoples on Duty (Army), Navy, Air and Air Defense Command (includes Air Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $1.3 billion (FY99/00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 3.9% (FY99/00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,503,647 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 890,783 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 17 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 61,694 (2002 est.)
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) Revolution Day, 1 September (1969)
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
noun: Libyan(s)


adjective: Libyan
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms
Natural resources fish petroleum, natural gas, gypsum
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 4,383 km; petroleum products 443 km (includes liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 256 km); natural gas 1,947 km
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none various Arab nationalist movements with almost negligible memberships may be functioning clandestinely, as well as some Islamic elements
Population 1,828 (July 2005 est.) 5,368,585


note: includes 662,669 non-nationals, of which an estimated 500,000 or more are Africans living in Libya (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate -0.01% (2005 est.) 2.41% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade Al Khums, Banghazi, Darnah, Marsa al Burayqah, Misratah, Ra's Lanuf, Tobruk, Tripoli, Zuwarah
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 16, FM 3, shortwave 3 (2002)
Radios - 1.35 million (1997)
Railways - note: Libya has had no railroad in operation since 1965, all previous systems having been dismantled; current plans are to construct a 1.435-m standard-gauge line from the Tunisian frontier to Tripoli and Misratah, then inland to Sabha, center of a mineral-rich area, but there has been little progress; other plans made jointly with Egypt would establish a rail line from As Sallum, Egypt, to Tobruk with completion originally set for mid-1994; Libya signed contracts with two private companies - Bahne of Egypt and Jez Sistemas Ferroviarios of Spain - in 1998 for the supply of crossings and pointwork (2001)
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) Sunni Muslim 97%
Sex ratio NA at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female


total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment: telecommunications system is being modernized; mobile cellular telephone system became operational in 1996


domestic: microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, cellular, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations


international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat, NA Arabsat, and NA Intersputnik; submarine cables to France and Italy; microwave radio relay to Tunisia and Egypt; tropospheric scatter to Greece; participant in Medarabtel (1999)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) 500,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) 20,000 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) 12 (plus one low-power repeater) (1999)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions
Total fertility rate NA 3.57 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% 30% (2000 est.)
Waterways - none
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